| I-Flint Industry Brain, Umbhali | UGu Jiaxi
Uhlelo lweminyaka eyi-14 lwaseShayina Lweminyaka Emihlanu luqale ukwethulwa ngokugcwele ngo-2021, kanti iminyaka emihlanu ezayo izoba yisigaba esibalulekile sokwakha izinzuzo ezintsha emnothweni wedijithali. Ukuthatha ukukhiqizwa kwe-automation ehlakaniphile njengethuba lokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yemboni yezokukhiqiza akuyona nje inkomba eyinhloko yentuthuko edidiyelwe yomnotho wedijithali waseShayina kanye nomnotho wangempela, kodwa futhi kuyinqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekufezekisweni okusha okukabili- iphethini yokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza.
Selokhu kwaqubuka ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19, izinkampani eziningi ezikhiqizayo ziye zaba neziphazamiso zokukhiqiza, amakhefu ezitolo, kanye nokuqalwa kabusha kokukhiqiza. Izinzuzo ezincintisanayo eziqoqwe izinkampani ezisunguliwe eminyakeni edlule zingase ziguqulwe, futhi izinkampani ezintsha zingase zibambe amathuba okukhula ngokushesha. Iphethini yokuncintisana kwemboni Kulindeleke ukuthi ibunjwe kabusha.
Kodwa-ke, izinkampani eziningi ezikhiqizayo manje ziwela ekungaqondini kahle kokugxila ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bephuzu elilodwa kanye nokubukela phansi ukukhushulwa kwenani okuphelele, okuholela eziqhingini ezibucayi zedatha, amathuluzi ampofu kanye nokuxhumana kwesistimu nezinye izinkinga. Futhi mayelana nokuguqulwa kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile, abahlinzeki abaningi emakethe abanalo ikhono lokuhlanganisa izixazululo. Konke lokhu kuholele ekutshalweni kwezimali okukhulu emabhizinisini, kodwa kube nomphumela omncane.
Lesi sihloko sizodingida kabanzi ngomgwaqo wokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yomkhakha wokukhiqiza ezishintshayo waseShayina ohlakaniphile kusukela kumbono wohlolojikelele wokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi, kanye noguquko lwezimboni.
01, Uhlaka lokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo kwe-China
Amasu Okukhiqiza Okuhlakaniphile Amazwe Amakhulu Emhlabeni
A) I-United States-”National Advanced Manufacturing Strategic Plan”, lelisu libeka phambili izinjongo zamasu zokwakhiwa kohlelo lwemfundo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwama-SME, ukubambisana kwezinhlaka eziningi, ukutshalwa kwezimali kombuso, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kazwelonke, njll., okugxile ekwakhiweni kwezimboni. I-inthanethi. "Isu Lobuholi Bokukhiqiza BaseMelika Elithuthukile" ligcizelela izikhombisi-ndlela ezintathu ezinkulu zokuthuthukisa uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, ukutshala abasebenzi, nokwandisa. Ubuchwepheshe obufanele buhlanganisa amarobhothi ezimboni, ingqalasizinda yobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ukuphepha kwendawo ye-inthanethi, izinto zokusebenza ezisebenza kahle, ukukhiqiza okungeziwe, ukukhiqiza okuqhubekayo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-biopharmaceutical, amathuluzi wokuklama we-semiconductor kanye nokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kokuphepha kokudla kwezolimo kanye nochungechunge lokuhlinzeka, njll.
B) I-Germany-“Izincomo Zokusetshenziswa Kwesu Lomkhakha 4.0”, eliphakamisa futhi lichaze uguquko lwesine lwezimboni, okungukuthi, Imboni 4.0. Njengengxenye yomhlaba ohlakaniphile nonenethiwekhi, i-Industry 4.0 igxile ekwakhiweni kwemikhiqizo ehlakaniphile, izinqubo nezinqubo. Amatimu abalulekile amafekthri ahlakaniphile, ukukhiqiza okukhaliphile, nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezihlakaniphile. I-German Industry 4.0 igxile ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezinkulu ezivundlile ngaphansi kwenethiwekhi yenani, ubunjiniyela obusuka ekupheleni balo lonke uchungechunge lwenani, ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kanye nezinhlelo zokukhiqiza ezinenethiwekhi, ingqalasizinda entsha yezenhlalo emsebenzini, ubuchwepheshe besistimu yenethiwekhi ebonakalayo ebonakalayo .
C) I-France-“I-France Yezimboni Entsha”, isu liphakamisa ukubumba kabusha amandla ezimboni ngokusungula izinto ezintsha futhi kubeke i-France kusigaba sokuqala sokuncintisana kwezimboni zomhlaba wonke. Isu lithatha iminyaka eyi-10 futhi ikakhulukazi lixazulula izingqinamba ezi-3 ezinkulu: amandla, inguquko yedijithali kanye nempilo yezomnotho. Kuhlanganisa nezinhlelo eziqondile ezingu-34 ezifana namandla avuselelekayo, imoto esebenza ngamabhethri esebenza ngogesi, amandla ahlakaniphile, njll., okubonisa ukuthi i-France isoguquko lwesithathu lwezimboni. Ukuzimisela namandla okuzuza uguquko lwezimboni eShayina.
D) Japan-”Japan Manufacturing White Paper” (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi “Iphepha Elimhlophe”). “Iphepha Elimhlophe” lihlaziya isimo samanje nezinkinga zemboni yokukhiqiza yaseJapan. Ngokungeziwe ekwethuleni ngokulandelana izinqubomgomo zokuthuthukisa ngamandla amarobhothi, izimoto zamandla amasha, nokuphrinta kwe-3D, iphinde igcizelele Ukuze udlale indima ye-IT. “I-White Paper” iphinde ibheke ukuqeqeshwa kwebhizinisi, ifa lamakhono entsheni, nokuqeqeshwa kwamakhono kwezesayensi nobunjiniyela njengezinkinga ezidinga ukuxazululwa ngokushesha. "Iphepha Elimhlophe" libuyekezelwe enguqulweni ka-2019, futhi ukulungiswa komqondo kwasekuqaleni sekuqalile ukugxila "embonini exhumene". Isungule indawo ehlukile kune-US Industrial Internet, ngethemba lokugqamisa isikhundla esiwumgogodla “somkhakha”.
E) I-China-”Made in China 2025″, uhlelo oluyinhloko lwalo mbhalo:
Umgomo “Owodwa”: ukuguqula usuka ezweni elikhulu elikhiqizayo ube yizwe eliqinile lokukhiqiza.
Ukuhlanganiswa "okubili": ukuhlanganiswa okujulile kokwazisa kanye nokwenza izimboni.
Izinhloso zamasu “ezintathu” ngezinyathelo: isinyathelo sokuqala ukulwela ukuba yizwe eliqinile lokukhiqiza eminyakeni eyishumi; isinyathelo sesibili, ngo-2035, imboni yezokukhiqiza yaseShayina iyonke izofinyelela ezingeni eliphakathi nendawo yekhempu yamandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni; isinyathelo sesithathu yilapho isikhumbuzo seminyaka eyi-100 se-PRC, isimo sayo njengezwe elikhulu elikhiqizayo sizohlanganiswa, futhi amandla alo aphelele ayoba phambili emandleni okukhiqiza omhlaba.
Izimiso “ezine”: okuholwa yimakethe, okuqondiswa uhulumeni; ngokusekelwe kumbono wamanje, wesikhathi eside; ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele, impumelelo ebalulekile; ukuthuthukiswa ezimele, futhi win-win ukubambisana.
Inqubomgomo "ezinhlanu": okuqhutshwa ukuqamba okusha, ikhwalithi kuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kohlaza, ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo, nokuthambekela kwethalente.
Amaphrojekthi amakhulu “amahlanu”: iphrojekthi yokwakha isikhungo sokukhiqiza, iphrojekthi yesisekelo esiqinile sezimboni, iphrojekthi yokukhiqiza ezishintshayo ezihlakaniphile, iphrojekthi yokukhiqiza eluhlaza, iphrojekthi yokusungula imishini esezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukuphumelela ezindaweni ezibalulekile "eziyishumi": ubuchwepheshe bolwazi lwesizukulwane esisha, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC aphezulu kanye namarobhothi, okokusebenza kwe-aerospace, imishini yobunjiniyela basolwandle kanye nemikhumbi yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, okokuhamba ngezitimela okuthuthukisiwe, ukonga amandla nezimoto ezintsha zamandla, imishini kagesi, izinto ezintsha, i-biomedicine Kanye nemishini yezokwelapha esebenza kahle kakhulu, imishini yezolimo kanye nemishini.
Ngesisekelo sokuthi "Made in China 2025", umbuso wethule ngokulandelana izinqubomgomo ku-inthanethi yezimboni, amarobhothi ezimboni, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezimboni kanye nezimboni. ukukhiqizwa kwe-automation okuhlakaniphile sekugxilwe kuHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-14 Lweminyaka Emihlanu.
Ithebula 1: Isifinyezo sezinqubomgomo zokukhiqiza zase-China ezihlakaniphile Umthombo: I-Firestone Creation esekelwe olwazini lomphakathi
Isakhiwo Esibalulekile Sobuchwepheshe Sokwenziwa Kwesistimu Ejwayelekile Yokukhiqiza ezishintshayo
Ezingeni lokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-smart automation, ngokusho "Kwemihlahlandlela Yokwakhiwa Kwesistimu Yezinga Lokukhiqiza Okuzenzakalelayo Kazwelonke" ekhishwe nguhulumeni, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-smart automation bungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu ezinkulu, okungukuthi, izinsizakalo ezihlakaniphile, izimboni ezihlakaniphile. , kanye nemishini ehlakaniphile.
Umfanekiso 1: uhlaka lokukhiqiza oluzishintshayo oluhlakaniphile Umthombo: I-Firestone Creation esekelwe olwazini lomphakathi
Inani lamalungelo obunikazi kazwelonke lingabonisa ngokunembile ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-smart automation ezweni kanye namadolobha ama-trillion club. Izigcawu zezimboni namasampula osayizi abakhulu ngokwanele bedatha enkulu yemboni, isofthiwe yezimboni, ifu lezimboni, amarobhothi ezimboni, i-inthanethi yezimboni namanye amalungelo obunikazi angabonisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe.
Ukusatshalaliswa nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwezinkampani zokukhiqiza ezihlakaniphile zaseChina
Kusukela isu elithi "Made in China 2025" lahlongozwa ngo-2015, imakethe eyinhloko ibilokhu inaka umkhakha wokukhiqiza ngobuhlakani isikhathi eside. Ngisho nangesikhathi sodlame luka-2020 lwe-COVID-19, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kuqhubekile nokukhula.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kanye nemicimbi yezimali kugxile kakhulu e-Beijing, esifundeni saseYangtze River Delta kanye nase-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Ngokombono wesamba sezimali, isifunda saseYangtze River Delta sinenani eliphakeme kakhulu lemali eliphelele. Ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwe-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area kugxile kakhulu e-Shenzhen.
Umfanekiso 2: Isimo sezimali sokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile emadolobheni ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane (ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyi-100) Umthombo: I-Firestone Creation ihlanganiswa ngokuya ngedatha yomphakathi, futhi isikhathi sezibalo sifika ku-2020
02. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezinkampani Zokukhiqiza Ezizishintshayo zaseShayina
Njengamanje, ezinye izimpumelelo zenziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi akhiqiza i-smart automation e-China:
Kusukela ngowezi-2016 kuya kowezi-2018, iShayina iqalise amaphrojekthi okulinga okulinga ukukhiqiza angama-249, futhi ukuthunyelwa kokukhiqizwa okukhaliphile kwamabhizinisi kuye kwakhishwa kancane kancane ekuhloleni amanzi; iminyango efanele futhi isiqedile ukwenza noma ukubuyekezwa kwamazinga angu-4 kazwelonke okukhiqiza ngobuhlakani, okwenza ibhizinisi lihlakaniphe Izinga lisezingeni eliphezulu.
“Umbiko Wonyaka Wokuthuthukiswa Kokukhiqiza KwaseChina Ka-2017-2018” ubonisa ukuthi i-China yaqale yakha izindawo zokucobelelana ngolwazi zedijithali ezingu-208 nezimboni ezihlakaniphile, ezihlanganisa imikhakha emikhulu engu-10 nezimboni ezingu-80, futhi yaqale yasungula uhlelo olusezingeni lokukhiqiza oluhlakaniphile oluvunyelaniswe nolwamazwe ngamazwe. Emafekthri angu-44 e-lighthouse emhlabeni, angu-12 atholakala eShayina, kanti angu-7 kuwo angamafektri agcina ukukhanya. Ngo-2020, izinga lokulawula izinombolo lezinqubo ezibalulekile zamabhizinisi okukhiqiza emikhakheni ebalulekile e-China lizodlula ama-50%, futhi izinga lokungena kuma-workshops edijithali noma izimboni ezihlakaniphile lizodlula ama-20%.
Emkhakheni wesoftware, imboni yaseChina yokuhlanganisa isistimu yokukhiqiza ezishintshayo ezishintshayo iqhubekile nokukhula ngokushesha ngo-2019, ngokukhula konyaka nonyaka ngama-20.7%. Izinga lemakethe ye-inthanethi yezimboni kazwelonke idlule ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-70 ngo-2019.
Emkhakheni wehardware, eqhutshwa iminyaka eminingi yobunjiniyela bokukhiqiza i-smart automation, izimboni ezisafufusa zaseShayina ezifana namarobhothi ezimboni, ukukhiqiza okungeziwe, kanye nezinzwa zezimboni zithuthuke ngokushesha. Ukwenziwa kwaziwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamamodeli amasha ajwayelekile okukhiqiza ezishintshayo kusheshise kakhulu isivinini sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni.
Nokho, amathuba nezinselele kuhlangene. Njengamanje, ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhizinisi akhiqiza i-automation e-China kubhekene nalezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:
1. Ukuntuleka komklamo wezinga eliphezulu
Izinkampani eziningi ezikhiqizayo azikakadwebi ipulani yokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile kusukela ezingeni lamasu. Ngenxa yalokho, uguquko lwedijithali luntula ubuholi bokucabanga kanye nokuhlela amasu, kanye nokuhlelwa kwenhloso yenani lebhizinisi jikelele kanye nokuhlaziywa kokuhlolwa kwesimo samanje. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuhlanganisa ngokujulile ubuchwepheshe obusha nezimo zezicelo zokukhiqiza ezizenzakalelayo ezihlakaniphile. Kunalokho, isistimu ingakhiwa kuphela ingxenye noma ilungiswe ngokuya ngezidingo zangempela zokukhiqiza. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhizinisi awele ekungaqondini kokugxila ku-hardware ne-software, nasezinxenyeni nakuwo wonke, futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali akukuncane kodwa kunomphumela omncane.
2. Gxila ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bephoyinti elilodwa, futhi udelele ukuthuthukiswa kwevelu kukonke
Izinkampani eziningi zifanisa ukwakhiwa kokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile nobuchwepheshe nokutshalwa kwehadiwe. Isibonelo, izinkampani eziningi zisebenzisa imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo ukuze zixhume izinqubo ezizimele, noma esikhundleni somsebenzi wezandla ngemishini ezenzakalelayo. Phezulu, izinga le-automation liye landa, kodwa lilethe izinkinga ezengeziwe. Isibonelo, umugqa wokukhiqiza awuguquguquki kakhulu kunangaphambili futhi ungajwayela kuphela ukukhiqizwa kwenhlobo eyodwa; uhlelo lokuphatha okokusebenza aluzange lulandele futhi lubangele ukwehluleka njalo kwemishini, kodwa kwanda umthwalo wokulungisa izisetshenziswa.
Kukhona nezinkampani eziphishekela ngobumpumputhe imisebenzi yesistimu emikhulu nephelele, futhi izinhlelo zazo zedijithali azifani nezinqubo zazo zokuphatha nebhizinisi, okuholela ekumoshweni kokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nemishini engasebenzi.
3. Abahlinzeki bezixazululo abambalwa abanamakhono okuhlanganiswa
Ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kuhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi, futhi ukwakheka kwesistimu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Izinkampani ezahlukene zibhekene nezidingo ezahlukene ze-R&D, ukukhiqiza, kanye nezidingo zokuphatha inqubo. Izixazululo ezijwayelekile zivame ukuba nzima ukuzisebenzisa ngokuqondile izinkampani ezikhiqizayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunobuchwepheshe obuningi obuhilelekile ekukhiqizeni okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile, okufana ne-cloud computing, amarobhothi ezimboni, umbono womshini, amawele edijithali, njll., futhi lobu buchwepheshe busathuthuka ngokushesha.
Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zinezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zozakwethu. Abasizi nje kuphela izinkampani ukuthi zihlole isimo esikhona, zisungule uhlelo olusezingeni eliphezulu lokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile, nokuklama uhlaka lulonke, kodwa futhi zidizayine ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bedijithali nobuhlakani ukuze kuzuzwe i-IT kanye ne-automation yezimboni. Ukudidiyelwa kwezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe (OT). Kodwa-ke, abahlinzeki abaningi emakethe bagxila kuzixazululo endaweni eyodwa noma ingxenye futhi abanawo amandla esixazululo ahlanganisiwe wokuma okukodwa. Ezinkampanini ezikhiqizayo ezingenawo amandla azo okuhlanganisa uhlelo, kunezithiyo ezinkulu ekugqugquzeleni ukukhiqizwa kwe-smart automation.
03. Izinyathelo eziyisithupha zokusheshisa ukuguqulwa kokukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile
Ngisho noma inkampani izibona izinkinga ezingenhla, ayikakakwazi ukugqobhoza ngokushesha futhi ikhuthaze uguquko ukuze izuze ukuthuthukiswa kwenani okuphelele. I-Flint ihlanganisa izinto ezifanayo zamabhizinisi ahamba phambili ekuguqulweni kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile, futhi ibhekisela kokuhlangenwe nakho kwangempela kwephrojekthi, futhi inikeze iziphakamiso ezilandelayo eziyisi-6 ukuze anikeze ireferensi ethile kanye nogqozi kumabhizinisi asezigabeni zokuthuthuka ezihlukene zezimboni ezihlukahlukene.
Thola ukubaluleka kwendawo
ukukhiqizwa kwe-smart automation kuyashintsha kusuka kubuchwepheshe nokuqhutshwa yisixazululo kuya kokuqhutshwa kwezentengiso. Izinkampani kufanele ziqale zicabangele ukuthi yiziphi izinjongo okufanele zifinyelelwe ngokukhiqiza ngobuhlakani, ukuthi amamodeli ebhizinisi amanje kanye nemikhiqizo kudingeka kuqanjwe kabusha, bese zivuselela izinqubo zebhizinisi eziwumgogodla ezisekelwe kulokhu, futhi ekugcineni zihlole inani lamamodeli ebhizinisi amasha kanye nezinqubo zebhizinisi ezintsha ezilethwa ukukhiqizwa okuhlakaniphile. .
Izinkampani eziholayo zizohlonza izindawo zenani okufanele zibonakale kakhulu ngokwezimpawu zazo, bese zihlanganisa eduze ubuchwepheshe kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa ukuze kufezeke ukubaluleka kwezimayini ngokuthumela izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile ezihambisanayo.
Idizayini yezinga eliphezulu yokuhlanganiswa kwe-IT ne-OT
Ngokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile, izinhlelo zokusebenza zebhizinisi, ukwakheka kwedatha, kanye nezakhiwo zokusebenza konke kubhekene nezinselelo ezintsha. Ubuchwepheshe be-IT bomdabu bamabhizinisi abukwazanga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuphathwa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-OT kanye ne-IT kuyisisekelo sokufezeka ngempumelelo kokukhiqizwa kwe-smart automation esikhathini esizayo. Ukwengeza, impumelelo yoshintsho lwebhizinisi lokukhiqiza ezishintshayo kuqala incike ekwakhiweni okubheke phambili kwezinga eliphezulu. Kusukela kulesi sigaba, iqala ukunaka umthelela woshintsho kanye nezinyathelo zokuphikisa.
Isisekelo se-pragmatic digitalization
ukukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile kudinga amabhizinisi ukuthi abone ubuhlakani obususelwe ekufakweni kwedijithali kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi adinga ukuba nesisekelo esiqinile kumishini ezishintshayo kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza, izakhiwo zesistimu yolwazi, ingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana, kanye nesiqiniseko sezokuphepha. Isibonelo, i-IOT namanye amanethiwekhi ayisisekelo akhona, okokusebenza ku-othomathikhi kakhulu futhi kuvuliwe, kusekela izindlela eziningi zokuqoqa idatha, nengqalasizinda ye-IT esheshayo, evikelekile futhi ezinzile, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokuphepha zokuvikela uhlelo lolwazi kanye nokuphepha kwenethiwekhi yesistimu yokulawula izimboni.
Izinkampani eziholayo zibona izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi ezingenamuntu ngokuthumela okokusebenza okukhaliphile njengamathuluzi emishini ye-CNC, amarobhothi asebenzisanayo ezimbonini, okokukhiqiza okungeziwe, nemigqa yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile, bese zisungula isisekelo sedijithali sezinhlelo zokukhiqiza eziwumgogodla nge-inthanethi Yezinto noma nge-inthanethi yezakhiwo ze-inthanethi, amabhodi ezikhangiso kagesi. , njll.
Kwezinye izinkampani, ukuqala nge-automation yokukhiqiza kuzoba impumelelo yokuqinisa isisekelo sedijithali. Isibonelo, izinkampani ezizimele zingaqala ngokwakha amayunithi okukhiqiza ahlakaniphile. Iyunithi yokukhiqiza i-smart automation iyinhlangano ehlanganisayo, edidiyelwe futhi ehlanganisiwe yeqembu lemishini yokucubungula kanye nemishini eyisiza enamakhono afanayo, ukuze ibe namandla okukhiqiza ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi namaqoqo amancane, futhi isiza izinkampani ukuthi zithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwemishini futhi zithuthukise ukukhiqizwa. . Ngokwesisekelo sokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo, amabhizinisi angaqala ukusebenzisa ukuxhumana nokuxhumana kwemigqa yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile, ama-workshops kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi ngokuthumela ingqalasizinda efana ne-IOT ne-5G amanethiwekhi okuxhumana.
Yethula izinhlelo zokusebenza eziwumongo
Njengamanje, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile okufana nokuphathwa komjikelezo wempilo yomkhiqizo (PLM), ukuhlelwa kwensiza yebhizinisi (ERP), ukuhlela okuthuthukisiwe nokuhlela (APS), kanye nohlelo lokwenziwa komkhiqizo (MES) awakadunyiswa. Isibonelo, embonini yezokwenziwa kwemithi, “ukulawulwa kwenqubo okuthuthukile emhlabeni wonke kanye nohlelo lokwenziwa kokukhiqiza” oludingwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezimboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni alukaqaliswa ukusetshenziswa kabanzi futhi lusatshalaliswa.
Ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile, ngemva kokwenza uhlelo lokuthuthukisa kanye nesisekelo sedijithali esisebenzayo, izinkampani ezikhiqizayo kufanele zitshale izimali ezinhlelweni eziyisisekelo zokufaka izicelo. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kobhubhane olusha lomqhele, izinkampani ezikhiqizayo kufanele zinake kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono emisha yokuphatha kanye nokusatshalaliswa okuguquguqukayo kwamaketanga okuhlinzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukuthunyelwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhiqiza ezizenzakalelayo ezihlakaniphile eziyinhloko njenge-ERP, i-PLM, i-MES, nezinhlelo zokuphatha i-supply chain (SCM) kufanele kube yimisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo kwebhizinisi. I-IDC ibikezela ukuthi ngo-2023, i-ERP, i-PLM kanye nokuphathwa kobudlelwane bamakhasimende (CRM) kuzoba izindawo ezintathu eziphezulu zokutshala imali emakethe ye-IT ye-IT yemboni yokukhiqiza yaseChina, ibalwa ku-33.9%, 13.8% no-12.8% ngokulandelanayo.
Qaphela ukuxhumana kwesistimu nokuhlanganiswa kwedatha
Njengamanje, iziqhingi zedatha kanye nokwehlukana kwezinhlelo zamabhizinisi akhiqizayo kuholele ekungqubuzaneni okukhulu kwedijithali phakathi kweminyango eyahlukene, okuholele ekutshalweni kwezimali okuphindaphindiwe kwamabhizinisi, kanye nembuyiselo yemali engenayo yebhizinisi elethwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-smart automation iphansi kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe. Ngakho-ke, ukugcwaliseka kokuxhumana kwesistimu nokuhlanganiswa kwedatha kuzothuthukisa ukusebenzisana kuwo wonke amayunithi ebhizinisi kanye neminyango esebenzayo yebhizinisi, futhi kubonakale ukukhuliswa kwenani kanye nobuhlakani obuphelele.
Isihluthulelo sokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-automation yebhizinisi kulesi sigaba ukubona ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kwedatha kusuka ezingeni lemishini kuye ezingeni lefekthri ngisho namabhizinisi angaphandle, kanye nokuhlanganiswa okuvundlile kwedatha kuyo yonke iminyango yebhizinisi nezinhlangano, kanye kuzo zonke izici zensiza, futhi ekugcineni ihlanganiswe ibe isistimu yedatha evaliwe, yakhe lokho okubizwa nge-Data supply chain.
Sungula inhlangano yedijithali namandla okuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo
Ukwakhiwa kwesistimu ngokuqhubekayo kanye nenhlangano yedijithali kudlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni umgomo wenani wokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile. Ukuvela okuqhubekayo kokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuzenzakalelayo kudinga izinkampani ukuba zithuthukise ukuguquguquka nokusabela kwesakhiwo senhlangano ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi zinikeze ukudlala okugcwele emandleni abasebenzi, okungukuthi, ukusungula inhlangano evumelana nezimo. Enhlanganweni eguquguqukayo, inhlangano izoba isicaba ukuze ikwazi ukuhambisana nemvelo yethalente njengoba ibhizinisi lidinga ushintsho. Izinhlangano eziguquguqukayo zidinga ukuholwa “umholi ophezulu” ukuze zivuse umdlandla wabo bonke abasebenzi ukuze babambe iqhaza, futhi zihlanganise ngokuguquguqukayo ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zebhizinisi namakhono abasebenzi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zentuthuko eqhubekayo yokukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo okuhlakaniphile.
Mayelana nohlelo olusha kanye nokwakhiwa kwamakhono, uhulumeni kanye namabhizinisi kufanele bahlangane ngokuvundlile futhi mpo ukuze bakhe uhlelo olusha kusuka ngaphakathi kuye ngaphandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinkampani kufanele ziqinise ukubambisana nokutshalwa kwezindlela ezintsha nabasebenzi, amakhasimende, abathengi, abahlinzeki, abalingani, nabaqalayo; ngakolunye uhlangothi, uhulumeni kufanele asungule ithimba lemali elizinikele elizophatha izinto ezintsha, njengama-incubator, izikhungo zokudala, izimboni eziqalayo, njll. futhi bakhe isiko nesistimu yokuqamba emisha eqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-08-2021